Surf Lessons in Lisbon: A Complete Guide
Intro
Surfing is more than just a sport; it’s a lifestyle, a culture, and in Lisbon, it’s part of daily life. Nestled along the Atlantic coast, this vibrant city offers a surf scene rich in history, technique, and excitement. For anyone looking to dip their toes into the salty waters or ride the waves for the first time, Lisbon provides an array of opportunities tailored to every level of surfer.
The city’s coastline is adorned with beaches that cater to both novices and seasoned surfers alike. Each stretch of sand holds a unique personality, influenced by the ocean's currents and winds. Whether you're hoping to learn the ropes or refine your advanced skills, your surf journey begins here. This guide intends to illuminate the horizon, pointing out the best surf lessons, schools, and techniques that will help you along your path.
Techniques and Tips
Understanding the fundamental techniques is like having a map to navigate various surf spots. Whether you’re catching your first wave or perfecting a tricky maneuver, the right techniques can make all the difference.
Essential Surfing Techniques for Beginners
For those just starting, mastering a few basic moves can build confidence and enhance enjoyment:
- Paddling: Focus on your position on the board. Keep your body centered and use your arms effectively. Practice with a strong, rhythmic stroke.
- Pop-Up Method: Transitioning from lying down to standing requires practice. Start on a beach with your board, and simulate the pop-up to find your best balance.
- Wave Selection: Pay attention to the waves before you paddle out. Look for consistent waves matching your skill level to ensure a smoother ride.
Each of these techniques serves as a building block for a successful surfing experience.
Advanced Maneuvers for Experienced Surfers
Once you've honed your skills, take things up a notch with these advanced moves:
- Bottom Turns: Essential for setting up your next maneuver. This initiates speed and helps in carving your line.
- Cutbacks: Allow you to gain momentum while redirecting your path back toward the breaking wave.
- Aerials: These are for the bold, aimed at poppin' off the lip of the wave. Perfecting aerials showcases control and finesse on the board.
Gear and Equipment
Having the right gear is crucial. It’s not just about what you wear; the right equipment can enhance your performance and comfort.
Top Surfboards of the Year: Comprehensive Reviews
While the style and length of surfboards can vary, here are standout boards tailored for different skill levels:
- Beginner Boards: Soft-top surfboards offer stability and safety, which are perfect for those just starting. Look for brands like Wavestorm.
- Intermediate Boards: Funboards strike a balance between stability and maneuverability, making them a great choice for progressing surfers. Brands such as Torq lead the way here.
- Advanced Boards: Shortboards are popular for their agility. Brands like Channel Islands and …Lost are known for their expert designs and performance.
Must-Have Accessories for Every Surfer
Being prepared is half the battle. These accessories can make your surf experience more enjoyable and safer:
- Wetsuit: Essential for colder waters. Look for flexible and well-fitted options.
- Leash: Never surf without one. It keeps your board within reach, reducing the chances of injury.
- Wax: Ensures grip on your board. Choose a wax suited for the water temperature.
Surfing in Lisbon invites you to explore both the ocean and your capabilities. As you chase the next wave, don’t forget to soak in the vibrant surf culture that pulses through this coastal city.
Prelude to Surfing in Lisbon
Lisbon has more than just beautiful architecture and rich history; it’s a playground for surf enthusiasts. This section shines a light on what makes surfing in Lisbon a memorable experience. From the coastline’s stunning landscapes to the community’s deep-rooted history with surfing, it’s essential for both beginners and seasoned surfers to understand these aspects before hitting the waves.
The Allure of Lisbon's Coastline
There's something about Lisbon's coastline that's just captivating. The mix of rugged cliffs, golden sands, and azure waters has drawing surfers from all corners of the globe. Beaches like Praia do Guincho and Costa da Caparica offer diverse surfing conditions suitable for all skill levels. From gentle swells for beginners to more challenging waves that thrill experienced surfers, the coastline is a natural wonder waiting to be explored.
The magic doesn’t stop with the surf; the preservation of the environment makes it even more thrilling. While enjoying the ride, surfers get the added bonus of witnessing stunning sunsets that paint the sky in hues of orange and pink.
"Surfing is not just a sport; it's a way to connect with nature and embrace the elements."
Most importantly, this coastline isn’t just limited to surfing activities. One can enjoy a variety of seafood delicacies from nearby restaurants, partake in vibrant beach parties, or simply relax with a book in hand while listening to the rhythm of the waves crashing against the shore. The surf culture here is all-encompassing, creating connections not only with the ocean but with fellow enthusiasts.
Cultural Significance of Surfing in Portugal
Surfing in Portugal is steeped in history and culture. Introduced in the late 20th century, it has dramatically transformed the local lifestyle and economy. Today, Portugal is regarded as one of the top surfing destinations on the planet, thanks to its consistent waves and welcoming surf community.
The locals have embraced this aquatic sport, integrating it into their daily lives. Surfing has fostered relationships across ages and backgrounds, from local groms to seasoned pros. Moreover, competitions often draw crowds, creating a lively atmosphere where stories are exchanged and friendships form.
In addition, surf schools have played a pivotal role in promoting environmental stewardship. Many schools emphasize sustainability practices, teaching surfers to respect the marine ecosystem. Understanding local flora and fauna forms part of the learning process, ensuring that future generations cherish these wonderful waves.
Overview of Surf Lessons in Lisbon
Surfing has become more than just a sport in Lisbon; it’s a lifestyle, a cultural phenomenon. The city’s coastline, with its picturesque beaches and thrilling waves, beckons surfers from around the globe. In this section, we will dive into the various surf lessons available in Lisbon, offering insights that will help both newcomers and experienced surfers refine their skills.
Types of Surf Lessons Available
When it comes to surf lessons, Lisbon has a lot to offer. Each lesson type caters to different preferences and skill levels, making surfing accessible for everyone. Let’s explore the main options available.
Group Lessons
Group lessons are often the most popular choice for many learners. They allow surfers to share the experience with others, creating a social environment that can lessen intimidation. In group settings, participants not only learn the basics of paddling and standing up on the board, but they also build camaraderie. This unique feature fosters a sense of community among classmates, which often encourages everyone to improve together. However, a potential downside can be the limited personalized attention from instructors. Still, for beginners looking to dip their toes in, group lessons can be a fantastic and budget-friendly option.
Private Lessons
For those seeking a more tailored approach, private lessons might be the way to go. These lessons provide one-on-one interaction with a coach. It’s an ideal option for adults or kids who may feel shy in a group setting or for experienced surfers wanting to fine-tune specific skills. The spotlight is on the individual, allowing instructors to deliver personalized feedback rapidly. One downside though is the cost; private lessons tend to be pricier than group options. Still, the focused instruction can lead to quicker progression, making it a worthwhile investment for serious learners.
Course Packages
Course packages present a different angle altogether. These typically combine multiple lessons over a set duration, making them suitable for those who are serious about becoming proficient surfers. They offer structured learning, gradually building from beginner to advanced techniques. A key benefit here is the cost-saving aspect; purchasing a package often proves cheaper than signing up for lessons individually. However, learners must be committed to showing up for each session to make the most out of these packages. Otherwise, sessions might seem disjointed if gaps in learning occur.
Choosing the Right Surf School
Finding the right surf school is pivotal for a nurturing learning atmosphere. Factors such as instructor qualifications, the curriculum offered, and the school’s overall reputation play a critical role in shaping the surf experience. Make sure to look for schools that align with your personal learning style, whether you thrive in group settings, prefer one-on-one coaching, or seek a comprehensive course structure. Evaluating these criteria will not only enhance your skill set but also significantly enrich your surfing journey in beautiful Lisbon.
Key Considerations for Surf Lessons
When diving into surf lessons, there are a few key points that can't be overlooked. Understanding these considerations can greatly enhance your learning experience and ensure you gain the most from your time on the water. Be it a budding surfer or a seasoned veteran, being mindful of the conditions, safety protocols, and tailored instruction could mean the difference between a good session and the ride of your life.
Understanding Surf Conditions
Surfing is as much about understanding the ocean as it is about riding the waves. Before jumping on the board, it's crucial to grasp the specific surf conditions that can influence your experience.
Wave Types
There are various wave types that surfers encounter, each with its own characteristics. For instance, beach breaks create a softer wave that crashes on sandy bottoms, making them beginner-friendly. Conversely, reef breaks, where waves form over corals, typically produce faster, more powerful waves suited for advanced surfers. This diversity ultimately caters to varying skill levels.
For newcomers, starting with beach breaks allows for a more controlled experience. You can expect more forgiving falls, which is a notable advantage when learning to balance and ride. However, one must tread carefully—making sure to research local conditions, as wave power can change with the tide or the season.
Tides and Currents
Tides and currents play a pivotal role in surfing conditions. At times, high tide can wash away sandbars, leading to less favorable waves, while low tide often unveils them, creating prime opportunities for surf. Currents, on the other hand, can be tricky. A strong current might offer a thrilling challenge for experienced surfers, yet can pose serious risks for those still learning.
Understanding local tide patterns is key. Beginners should surf when the tide is rising, when it’s generally calmer. Notably, observing and picking surf spots based on tide can make your lesson a much more enjoyable experience.
Weather Patterns
Weather patterns have a significant influence on the surfing experience, with wind, precipitation, and even temperature affecting surf conditions. For instance, offshore winds help in shaping clean, ridable waves, while onshore winds can create choppy, messy conditions, more suitable for kiteboarding than surfing.
Learning about typical weather conditions for each season in Lisbon can help in planning your lessons. During summer, warmer temperatures and lighter winds typically create excellent surfing days, while winter swells can be powerful but require more skill to navigate.
Safety Protocols in Surf Lessons
Safety should always be at the forefront when embarking on surf lessons. Understanding protocols not only safeguards your well-being but also enhances your learning curve.
A good surf school will emphasize safely entering and exiting the water. You should always be taught to look out for other surfers and swimmers, practice etiquette, and respect the ocean's power. Additionally, understanding the importance of wearing a leash on your surfboard cannot be understated; it keeps your board close in case of wipeouts, preventing injuries to you and others around.
Remember: The ocean can be unpredictable. Always listen to your instructor and stay aware of your surroundings to ensure a safe and positive surf experience.
By taking these considerations into account, you will be well-prepared for surf lessons, making the most of your time on the waves. Whether you’re looking to paddle out for the first time or refine advanced techniques, knowing the conditions and adhering to safety practices is essential.
Recommended Surf Schools in Lisbon
When it comes to surfing closely tied to the vibrant culture of Lisbon, choosing the right surf school can be a game changer. Not only do these schools provide the necessary surf lessons, they also embody the soul of the local surf community. The right guidance can make all the difference in mastering solid wave-riding skills, understanding local surf etiquette, and enjoying a fulfilling experience in the magnificent Atlantic waters.
Top-Rated Surf Schools
Among the plethora of surf schools in Lisbon, some stand out due to their exceptional reputation and proven teaching methodologies. These top-rated schools often offer tailored lessons that combat the learning curve many beginners face while navigating the ocean.
- Surf Riders Portugal - This surf school focuses on a personal approach to teaching. With small group sizes, instructors can pay closer attention to each student's progress. They emphasize building confidence in the water, perfect for newcomers.
- Lisbon Surf School - Established for years, this school is a beacon of professionalism within the surf community. Notably, they utilize fully equipped facilities and provide practical safety training alongside surf instruction, ensuring students are well-prepared.
- The Surf Experience - Known for its friendly instructors and engaging atmosphere, The Surf Experience hosts a diverse student body from various backgrounds. Their team is skilled in adapting lessons to accommodate varying experience levels, which is crucial for fostering an environment where everyone can thrive.
"Choosing a surf school should be a reflection of your personal goals. What do you hope to achieve? Are you looking to surf like a pro or simply enjoy the thrill of catching your first wave?"
Hidden Gems and Local Schools
While the top-rated schools have their advantages, Lisbon is also home to some lesser-known, but equally worthy surf schools that offer unique perspectives and localized experiences. For those seeking a more intimate connection with the sport, checking out these hidden gems can prove advantageous.
- Alma Surf School - Nestled away from the crowd, Alma Surf School features instructors who are not just teachers but passionate surfers. Their focus on the philosophical aspect of surfing enriches lessons, ensuring participants understand the ocean beyond just riding the waves.
- Lisbon Surf House - This approachable surf school blends accommodation with lessons, making it an ideal choice for traveling surfers. The community-driven atmosphere fosters friendships that last well beyond the surf sessions.
- Local Wave Surf School - Founded by locals who love sharing their knowledge of the local surf scene, Local Wave ensures that students not only learn to surf but also appreciate the cultural significance of the sport in Lisbon. They prioritize eco-friendly practices, making this school a thoughtful choice.
In summary, navigating through the variety of surf schools in Lisbon can feel like catching a wave for the first time. Whether one chooses a well-established school or a smaller, local gem, the options available cater to all kinds of surfers. With the right school, you can significantly elevate your surfing journey in this stunning coastal city.
Techniques and Skills Taught in Surf Lessons
Navigating the waves isn’t just about paddling out and catching the next big swell. It’s a intricate dance that blends physical ability with an understanding of the ocean's behavior. This section aims to uncover the techniques and skills taught in surf lessons, catering to everyone from the wide-eyed beginner to the seasoned pro looking to refine their style. Knowing these skills can significantly enhance one’s surfing experience, making it essential for those looking to dive into Lisbon’s vibrant surf culture.
Fundamental Surfing Techniques
Mastering the basics is like laying the foundation of a house; without it, everything that follows can collapse. In surf lessons for beginners, the focus is primarily on a set of fundamental techniques, crucial for developing confidence and safety in the water. These techniques usually include:
- Paddling: This is not just about moving through the water. Proper paddle technique ensures that one can efficiently navigate through waves to reach the surf zone.
- Pop-Up: The smooth transition from lying on the board to standing is key. Instructors often emphasize the need for speed and balance. New surfers learn to "pop" up as the waves approach, finding their footing as quickly as possible.
- Balance: Fundamental to surfing is the ability to maintain balance on the board. Exercises and drills are employed to develop this critical skill, often grounded in yoga or skating.
- Turning Techniques: Essential for maneuvering on the waves, knowing how to shift one’s weight allows surfers to ride the wave effectively and perform basic turns.
Realizing how these basics interconnect provides an insightful perspective into surfing. For instance, a good balance will improve your pop-up, and a strong paddling technique will ease your entry into surf zones. Lessons typically emphasize these connections, reinforcing the idea that surfing is not just a sport – it's a harmonious engagement with the ocean.
Advanced Skills for Experienced Surfers
Once surfers have a good grip on the fundamentals, the narrative shifts to advanced skills. At this level, lessons focus on enhancing performance and creativity in the water. Specialized skills taught may involve:
- Carving: This involves making smooth, controlled turns on the wave face. Under instructors' guidance, surfers learn to push down on their rails, creating arcs that showcase style and control.
- Aerial Moves: While not for the faint-hearted, learning to air out takes practice and courage. Instructors teach critical take-off points and landing techniques that are pivotal for executing these high-flying maneuvers.
- Wave Selection: Experienced surfers are often taught to read the ocean’s patterns and select the right waves. Knowing when to paddle and how to position oneself for optimal rides can significantly improve the surfing experience.
- Riding Different Types of Waves: Whether it be beach breaks or point breaks, advanced surfers learn to adapt their techniques to the characteristics of different waves, an understanding crucial for performance.
“As surfers progress, the shift from technique to intuitive understanding of the ocean is like learning a language – it becomes second nature, fluently spoken through experience.”
Understanding and refining these advanced skills can elevate one's surfing to impressive heights. In Lisbon’s dynamic surf context, knowing how to adapt to diverse conditions and waves not only enriches the surfing experience but also connects the surfer more deeply to their environment.
Incorporating both fundamental techniques and advanced skills enhances the overall surfing journey. As lessons unfold in the sun-soaked waters of Lisbon, they become less about just catching waves and more about the profound connection with the ocean that permeates through each lesson.
Equipment Used in Surf Lessons
Choosing the right equipment is crucial for any surfer, and it’s particularly vital for those taking surf lessons in Lisbon. The right gear can make the difference between a frustrating day at sea and a thrilling ride. When beginners understand the tools at their disposal, they can tailor their experience to their comfort level, safety, and skill advancement.
Choosing the Right Surfboard
When it comes to surfing, selecting the right surfboard is like finding the right pair of shoes — it can really make or break your experience. There are a few factors to keep in mind:
- Board Size and Type: Beginners often benefit from a longboard, as they're larger and more stable, making it easier to catch waves. A shorter board, like a shortboard, offers agility and speed, suitable for those with some experience.
- Material: Boards can be made from foam or fiberglass. Foam boards are light and forgiving, ideal for learning, while fiberglass boards can give seasoned surfers a performance edge.
- Shape: The shape of the board affects its handling in the water. Wider boards provide greater stability, whereas narrower boards allow for quicker turns and more maneuverability.
By understanding these characteristics, beginners can choose a board that best fits their body type and skill level, making lessons more productive and enjoyable.
Safety Gear and Accessories
Safety gear is not just a precaution; it's an essential part of surfing, especially for those new to the sport. Here are some key accessories every aspiring surfer should consider:
- Leash: This is a vital piece of safety equipment, connecting the surfer to their board. If a wipeout occurs, the leash prevents the board from drifting away, which can be dangerous for both the surfer and other beachgoers.
- Wetsuit: The waters off Lisbon can be a touch chilly, even in summer. A wetsuit provides warmth and protection from the sun, as well as any rough waves. Choose the thickness and type based on the season and personal comfort.
- Rash Guard: Ideal for preventing chafing, a rash guard can be worn under a wetsuit or on its own when conditions are warmer. It’s a lightweight choice that protects skin from UV rays and surfboard hulls alike.
“Adjusting to new equipment can be daunting, but once you find the right fit, it all clicks into place.”
By taking the time to ensure they have the right equipment, surfers can focus more on learning and enjoying the waves instead of grappling with preventable discomfort or hazards. Staying armed with knowledge about your gear contributes to a more rewarding surfing experience in the beautiful waters of Lisbon.
The Experience of Surfing in Lisbon
Surfing in Lisbon isn’t just about riding waves; it's an evocative experience shaped by sun-soaked beaches and a lively culture. The allure of the Atlantic, combined with the vibrant Portuguese lifestyle, creates an unforgettable backdrop for surf enthusiasts. Whether you're a greenhorn or a seasoned pro, participating in surf lessons here presents an enriching journey that extends beyond the ocean.
What to Expect During Lessons
When you sign up for a lesson, get ready for a multi-faceted experience. First and foremost, the instructors are typically passionate surfers themselves; their enthusiasm is contagious. Expect to begin with a brief introduction, where you'll learn about the fundamentals of surfing, including board etiquette and basic paddling techniques.
Classes usually start on the shore, where you’ll practice getting on your board and finding your balance. Surf schools in Lisbon have a knack for catering to all skill levels, meaning you won't be thrown straight into the deep end. You may feel a bit like a fish out of water at first, but don't sweat it.
After the groundwork, you'll wade out into the water, usually in small groups, allowing for personalized attention. As waves roll in, instructors guide you, offering tips on timing and maneuvering. If you're lucky, the weather will be perfect, with gentle waves rolling in under the watchful eye of the sun.
"Once you're out there, the ocean becomes your best friend. Just you, your board, and the thrill of catching waves. It’s pure magic!"
In the midst of all this, the breathtaking views of Lisbon's coastline steal your breath, oftentimes leaving you with a sense of gratitude as you surf. You might not stand on the first day, but you'll emerge with an appreciation for the sport and a newfound understanding of how to flow with the waves.
Post-Lesson Activities and Community
Surf lessons in Lisbon don't close the book once you leave the water. The community buzzes with energy and camaraderie that often extends into social gatherings post-lessons. Most surf schools or local cafes will host mixers, allowing surfers to share laughs and stories over a cold drink.
Participating in these gatherings often leads to spontaneous adventures—be it exploring coastline trails or enjoying local delicacies at nearby eateries. The shared experience of tackling the waves creates bonds that can turn into friendships, enriching your time spent in Lisbon.
Moreover, the sense of belonging within the surf culture here is palpable. When you engage with locals or fellow surfers, discussions often revolve around the latest surf spots, conditions, and the best times to hit the water. Opportunities to join community events or volunteer for beach clean-ups to protect the ocean become available, adding depth to your experience.
In summary, the surfing scene in Lisbon transcends just learning a sport; it extends to embracing a lifestyle connected by the ocean's rhythm, craft breweries, and the communal spirit of surfers both new and seasoned. So when you take that leap and start your surf lessons, prepare yourself for far more than just a few sessions on the board.
Environmental Considerations in Surfing
When contemplating surf lessons in Lisbon, it's crucial to acknowledge the impact of surfing on the environment. The surf culture in Portugal, particularly along its beautiful coastlines, is both a passion and a privilege. However, it also comes with responsibilities. By understanding the ecological footprint of surfing, surfers and instructors alike can contribute to preserving the breathtaking locales they enjoy.
Sustainable Surfing Practices
Sustainable surfing practices are pivotal in mitigating the negative effects of surf-related activities. These practices not only aim to protect the delicate ecosystems surrounding surf spots but also enhance the overall experience of riding the waves. Some key aspects of sustainable surfing include:
- Eco-Friendly Surfboards: Many companies now offer surfboards made from sustainable materials, such as bio-resins or recycled foam. Choosing these options helps reduce the carbon footprint associated with traditional board production.
- Minimalist Approach: Some surfers opt for a more minimalist lifestyle, avoiding excessive equipment and unnecessary travel. This reduces their overall impact on the environment.
- Waste Management: Utilizing reusable water bottles and minimizing single-use plastics during surf trips can significantly lessen the environmental burden.
"The ocean is a part of us, and we must be good stewards of its health."
Implementing these sustainable practices not only helps to preserve the beauty of Lisbon's coasts but also promotes a deeper connection between surfers and nature. Through awareness and action, the surfing community can thrive while protecting their playground.
Conservation Efforts in the Lisbon Area
Lisbon is not just a surf hub; it is also a sanctuary for diverse marine life. Various local initiatives aim to protect these ecosystems, fostering a sense of community responsibility among surfers. Some notable conservation efforts in the Lisbon area include:
- Beach Clean-Up Events: Regularly organized beach clean-ups help maintain cleaner shores. These events enhance the surfing experience by ensuring pristine conditions and fostering camaraderie among participants.
- Marine Protected Areas: The establishment of marine reserves allows certain zones to thrive without human interference. This is crucial for the propagation of local fish species, which in turn sustains the natural food web.
- Educational Programs: Various local surf schools and environmental groups collaborate to educate surfers on the significance of marine conservation. These programs often involve workshops that highlight the interconnectedness of surfing and environmental health.
In summary, the emphasis on environmental considerations in surfing is essential for the longevity of the sport and the preservation of Portugal's coastal regions. Surfers, instructors, and the broader community play a vital role in ensuring that future generations can enjoy the thrill of riding the waves amidst a healthy and vibrant marine environment.
Closure
The journey of learning to surf in Lisbon does not merely end when you step off your board for the last time. Rather, it marks the inception of a lifelong adventure intertwined with the vibrant coastal culture of Portugal. Surfing, while initialy a physical skill, blossoms into a deeper connection with the ocean, fostering respect for nature and an appreciation for varied oceanic conditions.
The Future of Surfing in Lisbon
As the sun sets on another picturesque day in Lisbon, a new dawn for surfing unfurls. The city, rich with historic charm and modern energy, finds itself becoming a central hub for surfing enthusiasts. With communities rallying around both environmental mindfulness and surf culture, Lisbon's surfing scene is poised for dynamic change.
- Preservation of Natural Habitats: There’s a growing awareness of how surfing interacts with local ecosystems. Surf schools are increasingly adopting sustainable practices, engaging in beach clean-ups, and promoting eco-friendly surf gear. This not only protects the ocean but also educates surfers about the importance of conservation, ensuring future generations can enjoy Lisbon’s surf spots.
- Technological Advancements: Innovations in surfboard design and materials are reshaping the landscape. These advancements provide surfers, both novices and experts, with equipment that enhances performance while being environmentally conscious. Every wave surfed becomes a testament to this progressive approach and connection between technology and nature.
- Inclusive Communities: Surfing in Lisbon is becoming more accessible. Various initiatives aim to include individuals of all ages and backgrounds, ensuring that everyone revels in the thrill of riding the waves. Programs targeting underprivileged youth can often be found, introducing the sport in schools and communities, creating a future generation of surfers.
- Events and Competitions: Lisbon will increasingly host major surf competitions and festivals, drawing athletes and tourism alike. This will serve not just to champion the sport but also spotlight local talents, fostering pride within the community.
The combination of these elements paints a bright future for surfing in Lisbon. Embracing sustainability, technological innovation, and community engagement ensures that this beloved pastime isn't just a fleeting trend but a lasting lifestyle choice. As you ride the waves, you’re joining a legacy of passion, respect, and commitment that transcends generations. Riding waves here means riding the wave of the future.
